Poverty and cross-border migration caused by the absence of sustainable livelihood ‘at home’ are among the main factors that contribute to the spread of HIV/AIDS in West Africa (UNAIDS ICT, personal communication).
Rural–urban migration is driven by failure of agriculture in rural communities or lack of attractive alternatives.
In a study on migrant youths from a community in the Niger Republic in West Africa, respondents indicated that they were forced to migrate to bigger cities to search for better livelihoods because of one or multiple years of drought followed by crop/livestock failure and complete loss of their livelihood support in the village.
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